Universal Registration Document 2025

Board of directors

3.1.2.7 Directors’ independence

The Board of Directors uses all the criteria proposed by the Afep-Medef Code to assess the independence of its members.

Directors’ independence

Criterion 1: Employee corporate officer within the previous five years

Not to be or not to have been within the previous five years:

  • an employee or an executive officer of the Company;
  • an employee, executive officer or director of a company consolidated within the corporation;
  • an employee, executive officer or director of the Company’s parent company or a company consolidated within this parent company.

Criterion 2: Cross-directorships

Not to be an executive officer of a company in which the corporation holds a directorship, directly or indirectly, or in which an employee appointed as such or an executive officer of the corporation (currently in office or having held such office within the last five years) holds a directorship.

Criterion 3: Significant business relationships

Not to be a client, supplier, commercial banker, investment banker or consultant (and not to be directly or indirectly linked to such persons):

  • that is significant to the corporation or its group; or
  • for which the corporation or its group represents a significant part of its activity.

Criterion 4: Family ties

Not to be related by close family ties to a corporate officer.

Criterion 5: Statutory auditor

Not to have been a Statutory Auditor of the corporation within the previous five years.

Criterion 6: Period of office exceeding 12 years

Not to have been a director of the Company for more than 12 years. Loss of the status of independent director occurs on the date of the twelfth anniversary.

Criterion 7: Status of non-executive officer

A non-executive officer cannot be considered independent if he or she received variable compensation in cash or in the form of securities, or any compensation linked to the performance of the corporation or Groupe.

Criterion 8: Status of the major shareholder

Directors representing major shareholders of the corporation or its parent company may be considered independent, provided these shareholders do not take part in the control of the corporation. Nevertheless, beyond a 10% threshold in capital or voting rights, the Board, upon a report from the Nominating Committee, systematically reviews the qualification as independent, taking into account the composition of the Company’s capital and the existence of a potential conflict of interest.
/ Situation of the Directors* as of December 31, 2025 with regard to the independence criteria of the Afep-Medef Code

(the criterion is considered met when it is identified by ✔ and not met when it is identified by X)

Situation of the Directors* as of December 31, 2025 with regard to the independence criteria of the Afep-Medef Code
  Employee corporate officer during the last 5 years Cross-directorships Significant business relationships Family ties Statutory auditor during the last 5 years Period of office exceeding 12 years Status of non-executive officer Status of the major shareholder Qualification applied by the Board
Arthur Sadoun Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Arthur Sadoun

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Employee corporate officer during the last 5 years

X

Arthur Sadoun

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Cross-directorships

✔

Arthur Sadoun

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Significant business relationships

✔

Arthur Sadoun

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Family ties

✔

Arthur Sadoun

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Statutory auditor during the last 5 years

✔

Arthur Sadoun

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Period of office exceeding 12 years

✔

Arthur Sadoun

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Status of non-executive officer

✔

Arthur Sadoun

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Status of the major shareholder

✔

Arthur Sadoun

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Qualification applied by the Board

Not independent

Élisabeth Badinter, Vice-Chair

Élisabeth Badinter,

Vice-Chair

Employee corporate officer during the last 5 years

✔

Élisabeth Badinter,

Vice-Chair

Cross-directorships

✔

Élisabeth Badinter,

Vice-Chair

Significant business relationships

✔

Élisabeth Badinter,

Vice-Chair

Family ties

X

Élisabeth Badinter,

Vice-Chair

Statutory auditor during the last 5 years

✔

Élisabeth Badinter,

Vice-Chair

Period of office exceeding 12 years

X

Élisabeth Badinter,

Vice-Chair

Status of non-executive officer

✔

Élisabeth Badinter,

Vice-Chair

Status of the major shareholder

X

Élisabeth Badinter,

Vice-Chair

Qualification applied by the Board

Not independent

Simon Badinter

Simon Badinter

Employee corporate officer during the last 5 years

✔

Simon Badinter

Cross-directorships

✔

Simon Badinter

Significant business relationships

✔

Simon Badinter

Family ties

X

Simon Badinter

Statutory auditor during the last 5 years

✔

Simon Badinter

Period of office exceeding 12 years

X

Simon Badinter

Status of non-executive officer

✔

Simon Badinter

Status of the major shareholder

✔

Simon Badinter

Qualification applied by the Board

Not independent

Jean Charest

Jean Charest

Employee corporate officer during the last 5 years

✔

Jean Charest

Cross-directorships

✔

Jean Charest

Significant business relationships

✔

Jean Charest

Family ties

✔

Jean Charest

Statutory auditor during the last 5 years

✔

Jean Charest

Period of office exceeding 12 years

X

Jean Charest

Status of non-executive officer

✔

Jean Charest

Status of the major shareholder

✔

Jean Charest

Qualification applied by the Board

Not independent

Sophie Dulac

Sophie Dulac

Employee corporate officer during the last 5 years

✔

Sophie Dulac

Cross-directorships

✔

Sophie Dulac

Significant business relationships

✔

Sophie Dulac

Family ties

X

Sophie Dulac

Statutory auditor during the last 5 years

✔

Sophie Dulac

Period of office exceeding 12 years

X

Sophie Dulac

Status of non-executive officer

✔

Sophie Dulac

Status of the major shareholder

✔

Sophie Dulac

Qualification applied by the Board

Not independent

Thomas H. Glocer

Thomas H. Glocer

Employee corporate officer during the last 5 years

✔

Thomas H. Glocer

Cross-directorships

✔

Thomas H. Glocer

Significant business relationships

✔

Thomas H. Glocer

Family ties

✔

Thomas H. Glocer

Statutory auditor during the last 5 years

✔

Thomas H. Glocer

Period of office exceeding 12 years

✔

Thomas H. Glocer

Status of non-executive officer

✔

Thomas H. Glocer

Status of the major shareholder

✔

Thomas H. Glocer

Qualification applied by the Board

Independent

Marie-Josée Kravis Marie-Josée

Kravis

Employee corporate officer during the last 5 years

✔
Marie-Josée

Kravis

Cross-directorships

✔
Marie-Josée

Kravis

Significant business relationships

✔
Marie-Josée

Kravis

Family ties

✔
Marie-Josée

Kravis

Statutory auditor during the last 5 years

✔
Marie-Josée

Kravis

Period of office exceeding 12 years

X
Marie-Josée

Kravis

Status of non-executive officer

✔
Marie-Josée

Kravis

Status of the major shareholder

✔
Marie-Josée

Kravis

Qualification applied by the Board

Independent

André Kudelski

André Kudelski

Employee corporate officer during the last 5 years

✔

André Kudelski

Cross-directorships

✔

André Kudelski

Significant business relationships

✔

André Kudelski

Family ties

✔

André Kudelski

Statutory auditor during the last 5 years

✔

André Kudelski

Period of office exceeding 12 years

✔

André Kudelski

Status of non-executive officer

✔

André Kudelski

Status of the major shareholder

✔

André Kudelski

Qualification applied by the Board

Independent

Suzan LeVine

Suzan LeVine

Employee corporate officer during the last 5 years

✔

Suzan LeVine

Cross-directorships

✔

Suzan LeVine

Significant business relationships

✔

Suzan LeVine

Family ties

✔

Suzan LeVine

Statutory auditor during the last 5 years

✔

Suzan LeVine

Period of office exceeding 12 years

✔

Suzan LeVine

Status of non-executive officer

✔

Suzan LeVine

Status of the major shareholder

✔

Suzan LeVine

Qualification applied by the Board

Independent

Antonella Mei-Pochtler

Antonella

Mei-Pochtler

Employee corporate officer during the last 5 years

✔

Antonella

Mei-Pochtler

Cross-directorships

✔

Antonella

Mei-Pochtler

Significant business relationships

✔

Antonella

Mei-Pochtler

Family ties

✔

Antonella

Mei-Pochtler

Statutory auditor during the last 5 years

✔

Antonella

Mei-Pochtler

Period of office exceeding 12 years

✔

Antonella

Mei-Pochtler

Status of non-executive officer

✔

Antonella

Mei-Pochtler

Status of the major shareholder

✔

Antonella

Mei-Pochtler

Qualification applied by the Board

Independent

Tidjane Thiam

Tidjane Thiam

Employee corporate officer during the last 5 years

✔

Tidjane Thiam

Cross-directorships

✔

Tidjane Thiam

Significant business relationships

✔

Tidjane Thiam

Family ties

✔

Tidjane Thiam

Statutory auditor during the last 5 years

✔

Tidjane Thiam

Period of office exceeding 12 years

✔

Tidjane Thiam

Status of non-executive officer

✔

Tidjane Thiam

Status of the major shareholder

✔

Tidjane Thiam

Qualification applied by the Board

Independent