Universal Registration Document 2025

Board of directors

Exposure to client counterparty risk

The Groupe analyzes its trade receivables, focusing in particular on improving its collection times, as part of the management of its working capital. The Groupe Treasury Department monitors overdue receivables for the entire Groupe. In addition, the Groupe periodically reviews the list of main clients in order to determine the exposure to client counterparty risk at Groupe level and, if necessary, sets up specific monitoring in the form of a weekly statement summarizing the exposure to certain clients.

Any impairment losses are assessed on an individual basis and take into account various criteria such as the client’s situation and late payments. Impairment of trade receivables also takes into account expected losses on receivables.

The following table shows the period overdue of trade receivables invoiced over the last two financial years:

Exposure to client counterparty risk
(in millions of euros) 2025 2024
Amounts not yet due Amounts not yet due202511,728 Amounts not yet due

2024

11,647
Overdue receivables: Overdue receivables:2025

 

Overdue receivables:

2024

 

Up to 30 days

Up to 30 days

2025

409

Up to 30 days

2024

377

31 to 60 days

31 to 60 days

2025

106

31 to 60 days

2024

89

61 to 90 days

61 to 90 days

2025

44

61 to 90 days

2024

41

91 to 120 days

91 to 120 days

2025

27

91 to 120 days

2024

29

More than 120 days

More than 120 days

2025

179

More than 120 days

2024

196

Total overdue receivables Total overdue receivables2025765 Total overdue receivables

2024

732
Invoiced trade receivables Invoiced trade receivables202512,493 Invoiced trade receivables

2024

12,379
Impairment

Impairment

2025

(148)

Impairment

2024

(167)

Invoiced trade receivables net

Invoiced trade receivables net

2025

12,345

Invoiced trade receivables net

2024

12,212

/ Disclosures regarding major clients
Disclosures regarding major clients
(% of revenue) 2025 2024
Five largest clients

Five largest clients

2025

12 %

Five largest clients

2024

13 %

Ten largest clients

Ten largest clients

2025

20 %

Ten largest clients

2024

22 %

Twenty largest clients

Twenty largest clients

2025

30 %

Twenty largest clients

2024

32 %

Thirty largest clients

Thirty largest clients

2025

37 %

Thirty largest clients

2024

38 %

Fifty largest clients

Fifty largest clients

2025

45 %

Fifty largest clients

2024

47 %

One hundred largest clients

One hundred largest clients

2025

58 %

One hundred largest clients

2024

59 %

Exposure to bank counterparty risk

Publicis has established a group-wide policy for selecting authorized banks as counterparties for all its subsidiaries. This policy requires that deposits be made in authorized banks and that in general all banking services be provided exclusively by these banks. The list of authorized banks is reviewed periodically by the Groupe Treasury Department. Exceptions to this policy are handled centrally for the entire Groupe by the Treasury Office.

Additionally, studies are carried out in order to ensure that almost all cash and cash equivalents are deposited in authorized banks.