| (in millions of euros) | 2025 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Amortization of other intangible assets (excluding intangibles arising from acquisitions) | Amortization of other intangible assets (excluding intangibles arising from acquisitions) 2025 (69) |
Amortization of other intangible assets (excluding intangibles arising from acquisitions) 2024 (54) |
| Depreciation of property, plant and equipment | Depreciation of property, plant and equipment 2025 (131) |
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment 2024 (132) |
| Depreciation of right-of-use assets | Depreciation of right-of-use assets 2025 (320) |
Depreciation of right-of-use assets 2024 (309) |
| Depreciation and amortization expense (excluding intangibles from acquisitions) | Depreciation and amortization expense (excluding intangibles from acquisitions) 2025 (520) |
Depreciation and amortization expense (excluding intangibles from acquisitions) 2024 (495) |
| Amortization of intangibles from acquisitions | Amortization of intangibles from acquisitions 2025 (212) |
Amortization of intangibles from acquisitions 2024 (234) |
| Impairment losses on goodwill | Impairment losses on goodwill 2025 — |
Impairment losses on goodwill 2024 (4) |
| Impairment losses on intangible assets and intangible assets from acquisitions | Impairment losses on intangible assets and intangible assets from acquisitions 2025 — |
Impairment losses on intangible assets and intangible assets from acquisitions 2024 (11) |
| Impairment losses on real estate contracts | Impairment losses on real estate contracts 2025 (37) |
Impairment losses on real estate contracts 2024 (71) |
| Impairment loss on intangible asset | Impairment loss on intangible asset 2025 — |
Impairment loss on intangible asset 2024 — |
| Impairment losses | Impairment losses 2025 (37) |
Impairment losses 2024 (86) |
| Total depreciation, amortization and impairment losses | Total depreciation, amortization and impairment losses 2025 (769) |
Total depreciation, amortization and impairment losses 2024 (815) |
When indications of impairment were identified on intangible assets related to acquisitions, impairment tests were conducted. The after-tax discount rates used and the long-term growth rates were determined taking into account the specific characteristics of these assets.
In 2025, these tests did not lead the Groupe to recognize any impairment loss on intangible assets.
In 2024, these tests led the Groupe to recognize an impairment loss of euro 11 million on various intangible assets.
Impairment tests were carried out on the following cash-generating units: United States, Canada, United Kingdom, France, DACH (Germany, Austria and Switzerland), Asia-Pacific, Middle East & Africa, Central and Eastern Europe, Western Europe and Latin America, as well as on other goodwill.
The valuations required for the impairment tests on the most significant goodwill were conducted by an independent expert. Goodwill impairment tests were performed either:
The compound annual growth rates applied over the business plan period were corroborated with industry market studies on advertising spend by country or geographic region.
The method used in the calculation of discount rates and terminal growth rates is unchanged.
In 2025, the impairment tests did not lead the Group to recognize any impairment loss.
