The following explanations summarize all transactions since 2023 between Publicis Groupe and related parties.
None.
During the 2025 financial year, related-party transactions that had an impact on the revenue and expenses of the Publicis Groupe, as well as the associated balance sheet positions, were as follows:
| December 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | Expenses | Revenue | Expenses | Revenue | Expenses | |
| Viva Tech (1) | 13 | - | 15 | - | 15 | - |
| Unlimitail (2) | 5 | 2 | 3 | 4 | - | - |
| Burrell Communications Group (3) | - | - | - | - | - | 1 |
| SCB Tech X (4) | - | - | 2 | - | 7 | - |
| Weborama (6) | - | - | - | 4 | - | 5 |
| Total | 18 | 2 | 20 | 8 | 22 | 6 |
In 2025, a non-current income of euro 2 million was recognized corresponding to the capital gain realized on the disposal of MSL France, which held a stake in Viva Tech.
| December 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Receivables/loans | Liabilities | Receivables/loans | Liabilities | Receivables/loans | Liabilities | |
| OnPoint Consulting Inc (7) | 6 | - | 5 | - | 4 | - |
| Viva Tech (1) | - | - | - | 5 | 1 | 4 |
| Unlimitail (2) | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | - | - |
| ZAG Ltd (8) | 6 | - | 4 | - | 3 | - |
| Core 1 WML Ltd (9) | - | - | 1 | 1 | - | 1 |
| SCB Tech X (4) | - | - | - | - | 3 | - |
| Dragonfly (10) | 1 | - | 4 | - | 4 | - |
| PS Hummingbird Ltd (5) | 7 | - | 4 | - | 4 | - |
| Autres | - | - | 1 | - | - | 1 |
| Total | 22 | 1 | 20 | 8 | 19 | 6 |
